VAT Calculator
Calculate VAT (Value Added Tax) amounts — add VAT to a net price or extract VAT from a gross price. Supports any tax rate including UK, EU, and Australian GST.
Gross Price (incl. VAT)
$120.00
VAT: $20.00 at 20%
Price Breakdown
Net price (excl. VAT)$100.00
VAT (20%)$20.00
Gross price (incl. VAT)$120.00
At Common Rates
| Rate | VAT Amount | Gross |
|---|---|---|
| 5% | $5.00 | $105.00 |
| 10% | $10.00 | $110.00 |
| 15% | $15.00 | $115.00 |
| 19% | $19.00 | $119.00 |
| 20% | $20.00 | $120.00 |
| 21% | $21.00 | $121.00 |
| 23% | $23.00 | $123.00 |
| 25% | $25.00 | $125.00 |
How to Use VAT Calculator
- 1Enter the price and the VAT/tax rate percentage.
- 2Toggle between adding VAT (net → gross) and removing VAT (gross → net).
- 3See the net amount, VAT amount, and gross total instantly.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How do I add VAT to a price?▾
To add VAT: Gross price = Net price × (1 + VAT rate). Example (UK 20% VAT): Net £100 + VAT → £100 × 1.20 = £120 gross. VAT amount = £120 − £100 = £20. Alternative: VAT amount = Net × VAT rate = £100 × 0.20 = £20. For 20% VAT: multiply by 1.2. For 5% VAT: multiply by 1.05. For 25% VAT (Scandinavia): multiply by 1.25. For 10% GST (Australia): multiply by 1.10. Quick check: gross × (VAT rate ÷ (1 + VAT rate)) should give you the VAT amount.
How do I remove VAT from a gross price?▾
To extract VAT from a gross price: Net price = Gross ÷ (1 + VAT rate). VAT amount = Gross − Net = Gross × (VAT rate ÷ (1 + VAT rate)). Example (20% VAT): Gross £120 → Net = £120 ÷ 1.20 = £100. VAT = £120 × (0.20 ÷ 1.20) = £120 × 0.1667 = £20. Common mistake: many people subtract 20% from the gross (£120 − £24 = £96) — that's wrong. For 20% VAT, divide by 1.2 (not subtract 20%). The VAT fraction is VAT rate ÷ (1 + VAT rate) = 0.20/1.20 = 1/6 for 20% VAT.
What are common VAT rates around the world?▾
Standard VAT rates: UK: 20% (standard), 5% (reduced — domestic fuel, children's car seats), 0% (food, children's clothing). EU average: ~21%. Germany: 19% standard, 7% reduced. France: 20% standard, 5.5%/10% reduced. Ireland: 23% standard, 9%/13.5% reduced. Sweden/Norway/Denmark: 25%. Canada: 5% federal GST (+ provincial). Australia: 10% GST. New Zealand: 15% GST. USA: No federal sales tax. State/local sales tax varies: 0% (Montana, Oregon) to 10%+ (Tennessee, Louisiana). Note: in most countries, prices in stores show VAT-inclusive prices. In the US, sales tax is added at checkout.
What is the difference between VAT, GST, and sales tax?▾
VAT (Value Added Tax): collected at each stage of production/distribution. Each business pays VAT on inputs and charges VAT on outputs — only the "value added" is taxed. Used in: UK, EU, Australia (GST), most of the world. GST (Goods and Services Tax): essentially the same as VAT but called GST in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, India. Sales tax: collected only at the final retail sale. Not collected at intermediate business stages. Used in: US (state/local level). Key business implication: VAT-registered businesses can reclaim input VAT (tax on purchases). Small businesses below the registration threshold don't charge VAT but also can't reclaim it.
When does a business need to register for VAT?▾
Varies by country. UK: mandatory VAT registration when taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 (2024/25). Can voluntarily register below this threshold. EU: thresholds vary by country, typically €30,000–€100,000. Registration gives: ability to charge and reclaim VAT. Requirement to file regular VAT returns. For imports to the EU: from July 2021, all B2C sales to EU require VAT registration or use of the OSS (One Stop Shop) scheme. For e-commerce: digital services sold to EU consumers require VAT regardless of business location — Google, Spotify, etc. charge local VAT rates. For US sellers: EU VAT rules apply when selling to EU customers.